Ladder sections shall be offset from adjacent sections, and landing platforms shall be provided at maximum intervals of 50 feet (15.2 m). Do not stand on the three top rungs of a straight, single or extension ladder. Ladders must not be tied or fastened together to provide longer sections, unless they are specifically designed for such use. The minimum perpendicular clearance between the center line of fixed ladder rungs, cleats, and steps, and any obstruction on the climbing side of the ladder shall be 30 inches (76 cm), except as provided in paragraph (a)(15) of this section. When ascending or descending a ladder, the user shall face the ladder. Many times workers are hasty in movement or they fail to pay attention to their surroundings. Ladders shall be inspected by a competent person for visible defects on a periodic basis and after any occurrence that could affect their safe use. Ladders shall not be moved, shifted, or extended while occupied. The area around the top and bottom of ladders shall be kept clear. Ladder Safety Training Video - YouTube. Ladder repairs shall restore the ladder to a condition meeting its original design criteria, before the ladder is returned to use. Falls happen for a number of reasons. Fixed ladders without cages or wells shall have a clear width to the nearest permanent object of at least 15 inches (38 cm) on each side of the centerline of the ladder. The rungs and steps of fixed metal ladders manufactured after March 15, 1991, shall be corrugated, knurled, dimpled, coated with skid-resistant material, or otherwise treated to minimize slipping. U.S. Department of Labor | Occupational Safety & Health Administration | 200 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20210. Quiz Flashcard. Do not place a ladder on boxes, barrels or other unstable bases to obtain additional height. Proper training on safe ladder use, such as inspecting the condition of the ladder before use, are important components of an effective ladder safety … An extension or straight ladder used to access an elevated surface must extend at least 3 feet above the point of support (see diagram). Falls from portable ladders (step, straight, combination and extension) are one of the leading causes of occupational fatalities and injuries. 1926.1053(b)(2) – Ladders shall be maintained free of oil, grease, and other slipping hazards. Ladders are used in many jobs for cleaning, painting, changing light bulbs, accessing storage areas, reaching platforms, and more. Ladders shall have nonconductive siderails if they are used where the employee or the ladder could contact exposed energized electrical equipment, except as provided in §1926.955(b) and (c) of this part. Quick Overview We get so comfortable around ladders that it’s easy to forget what could happen if they are used incorrectly. Inspect metal and fiberglass ladders for bends and breaks. If the ladder is damaged, it must be removed from service and tagged until repaired or discarded. The rung spacing on the extension section of the extension trestle ladder shall be not less than 6 inches (15 cm) nor more than 12 inches (31 cm), as measured between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps. What does this cover? Ladders must be used only for the purpose for which they were designed. Fixed ladders shall be provided with cages, wells, ladder safety devices, or self-retracting lifelines where the length of climb is less than 24 feet (7.3 m) but the top of the ladder is at a distance greater than 24 feet (7.3 m) above lower levels. Also, the rules may vary depending on the type of ladder (fixed or portable). The rungs and steps of portable metal ladders shall be corrugated, knurled, dimpled, coated with skid-resistant material, or otherwise treated to minimize slipping. The focus of this article will be on the OSHA Construction Standards for Ladder Safety. Do not exceed the maximum load rating of a ladder. 1926.1050 provides the Scope, Application and Definitions for the Subpart. Ladders shall be used only for the purpose for which they were designed. A metal spreader or locking device shall be provided on each stepladder to hold the front and back sections in an open position when the ladder is being used. Each fixed ladder: At least two loads of 250 pounds (114 kg) each, concentrated between any two consecutive attachments (the number and position of additional concentrated loads of 250 pounds (114 kg) each, determined from anticipated usage of the ladder, shall also be included), plus anticipated loads caused by ice buildup, winds, rigging, and impact loads resulting from the use of ladder safety devices. Keep Up With Ladder Safety. Ladders shall not be loaded beyond the maximum intended load for which they were built, nor beyond their manufacturer's rated capacity. More than 30,000 people are hurt each year falling off ladders. Use a ladder only on a stable and level surface, unless it has been secured (top or bottom) to prevent displacement. Ladders must not be tied or fastened together to provide longer sections, unless they are specifically designed for such use. 9 Questions | By Rwatt000 | Last updated: Jun 23, 2020 | Total Attempts: 1125 . Do not move or shift a ladder while a person or equipment is on the ladder. Shopping. Difficulty. The proper angle for setting up a ladder is to place its base a quarter of the working length of the ladder from the wall or other vertical surface (see diagram). An employee shall not carry any object or load that could cause the employee to lose balance and fall. See osha.gov for ladder standards. This combination of safe equipment and its safe use can eliminate most ladder accidents. Fixed ladders with structural defects, such as, but not limited to, broken or missing rungs, cleats, or steps, broken or split rails, or corroded components, shall be withdrawn from service until repaired. … OSHA estimates that, for general industry companies, falls from ladders — step, straight, combination, and extension — account for 20% of fatal and lost workday injuries. Mobile ladder stands with a top step height above 10 feet (3 m) have the top step protected on three sides by a handrail with a vertical height of at least 36 inches (91 cm); and top steps that are 20 inches (51 cm) or more, front to back, have a midrail and toeboard. Statistics show that every year about 30,000 people will be incapacitated by ladder and ladder-replacement involved accidents. •Always keep your belt buckle between the ladder rails. Read and follow all labels/markings on the ladder. Individual-rung/step ladders, except those used where their access openings are covered with manhole covers or hatches, shall extend at least 42 inches (1.1 m) above an access level or landing platform either by the continuation of the rung spacings as horizontal grab bars or by providing vertical grab bars that shall have the same lateral spacing as the vertical legs of the rungs. OSHA’s safety regulations on ladders include a wide range of ladder height, angle and spacing restrictions. The rungs of individual-rung/step ladders shall be shaped such that employees' feet cannot slide off the end of the rungs. Each step or rung shall be capable of supporting a single concentrated load of at least 250 pounds (114 kg) applied in the middle of the step or rung. Ladders shall be maintained free of oil, grease, and other slipping hazards. Copy link. This program covers the consequences of unsafe ladder use, the types of ladders and how to use each type, and ladder safety, inspection and storage. A ladder placed in any location where it can be displaced by other work activities must be secured to prevent displacement or a barricade must be erected to keep traffic away from the ladder. It includes details like the weight loads, the allowable space between rungs and when cages are required. For side-step fixed ladders, the side rails and the steps or rungs shall be continuous in the extension. Ladder rungs, cleats, and steps shall be parallel, level, and uniformly spaced when the ladder is in position for use. Be aware of the ladders load rating and of the weight it is supporting, including the weight of any tools or equipment. For example, rule 1926.1053(a)(3)(i – iii) states that rungs, steps, and cleats should be spaced between 10 and 14 inches apart, but there are few exceptions. Do not use the top step/rung of a ladder as a step/rung unless it was designed for that purpose. Ladder safety devices, and related support systems, for fixed ladders shall conform to all of the following: They shall be capable of withstanding without failure a drop test consisting of an 18-inch (41 cm) drop of a 500-pound (226 kg) weight; They shall permit the employee using the device to ascend or descend without continually having to hold, push or pull any part of the device, leaving both hands free for climbing; They shall be activated within 2 feet (.61 m) after a fall occurs, and limit the descending velocity of an employee to 7 feet/sec. Have at least both hands and one foot or both feet and one hand in contact with the ladder at all times. There are rules for installing and using them properly, as well as inspecting them. The area around the top and bottom of ladder must be kept clear. Ladder safety begins with selecting the right ladder for the job and includes inspection, setup, proper climbing or standing, proper use, care, and storage. Watch later. OSHA/VOSH has developed specific regulations to address ladder safety and to help prevent injuries. Except when portable ladders are used to gain access to fixed ladders (such as those on utility towers, billboards, and other structures where the bottom of the fixed ladder is elevated to limit access), when two or more separate ladders are used to reach an elevated work area, the ladders shall be offset with a platform or landing between the ladders. OSHA Updates Ladder Safety Standard. Where ladder safety devices are provided, the maximum clearance between side rails of the extensions shall not exceed 36 inches (91 cm). Rungs, cleats, and steps of step stools shall be not less than 8 inches (20 cm) apart, nor more than 12 inches (31 cm) apart, as measured between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps. Questions. The area around the top and bottom of ladder must be kept clear. Fixed ladders shall be used at a pitch no greater than 90 degrees from the horizontal, as measured to the back side of the ladder. Mountings for flexible carriers shall be attached at each end of the carrier. But falls can occur due to structural failure, poor placement and unsafe use. Look for overhead power lines before handling a ladder. The minimum perpendicular clearance between fixed ladder rungs, cleats, and steps, and any obstruction behind the ladder shall be 7 inches (18 cm), except in the case of an elevator pit ladder, for which a minimum perpendicular clearance of 4 1/2 inches (11 cm) is required. If there is ever a chance you will use a ladder at work, you need to use it safely. Do not use a self-supporting ladder (e.g., step ladder) as a single ladder or in a partially closed position. 1926.1053(b)(15) – Ladders shall be inspected by a competent person for visible defects on a periodic basis and after any occurrence that could affect their safe use. 2. A cage or well, and multiple ladder sections, each ladder section not to exceed 50 feet (15.2 m) in length. OSHA Ladder Safety for General Industry. Where the total length of a climb equals or exceeds 24 feet (7.3 m), fixed ladders shall be equipped with one of the following: Self-retracting lifelines, and rest platforms at intervals not to exceed 150 feet (45.7 m); or. Wood job-made ladders with spliced side rails shall be used at an angle such that the horizontal distance is one-eighth the working length of the ladder. OSHA ladder safety regulations. Ladder components shall be surfaced so as to prevent injury to an employee from punctures or lacerations, and to prevent snagging of clothing. Tap to unmute. The General Industry Standard is 1910.24-27. These ladders are made of various materials—aluminum, fiberglass, wood, and steel—with their distinct strengths and weaknesses. Cages for fixed ladders shall conform to all of the following: Horizontal bands shall be fastened to the side rails of rail ladders, or directly to the structure, building, or equipment for individual-rung ladders; Vertical bars shall be on the inside of the horizontal bands and shall be fastened to them; Cages shall extend not less than 27 inches (68 cm), or more than 30 inches (76 cm) from the centerline of the step or rung (excluding the flare at the bottom of the cage), and shall not be less than 27 inches (68 cm) in width; The inside of the cage shall be clear of projections; Horizontal bands shall be spaced not more than 4 feet (1.2 m) on center vertically; Vertical bars shall be spaced at intervals not more than 9 1/2 inches (24 cm) on center horizontally; The bottom of the cage shall be at a level not less than 7 feet (2.1 m) nor more than 8 feet (2.4 m) above the point of access to the bottom of the ladder. (2.1 m/sec.) OSHA has specific rules about using ladders and working near ladders, as well as how ladders should be designed. Types of Ladders. Immediately tagged with "Do Not Use" or similar language, [55 FR 47689, Nov. 14, 1990; 56 FR 2585, Jan. 23, 1991; 56 FR 41794, Aug. 23, 1991; 79 FR 20743, Apr. Additional Examples But did you know that falling just 4 feet (or 1 meter) can actually kill you? For example, Rule 1926.1053(a)(3)(i-iii) explains that rungs, steps and cleats should be spaced between 10 and 14 inches apart, with few exceptions present. Inspect wood ladders for cracks or splits. Each employee shall use at least one hand to grasp the ladder when progressing up and/or down the ladder. When unavoidable obstructions are encountered, the minimum perpendicular clearance between the centerline of fixed ladder rungs, cleats, and steps, and the obstruction on the climbing side of the ladder may be reduced to 24 inches (61 cm), provided that a deflection device is installed to guide employees around the obstruction. OSHA rules apply to all stairways and ladders used in construction, alteration, repair, painting, decorating and demolition of worksites covered by OSHA’s construction safety and health standards.” Simple definition: Ladders are dangerous. Safety Rules for Ladder Use •Always inspect the ladder for damages before use. Always inspect the ladder prior to using it. Never use a ladder for any purpose other than the one for which it was designed. In this meeting we’ll review ladder safety basics so we can avoid easily preventable injuries. When the system is exposed to wind, cable guides for flexible carriers shall be installed at a minimum spacing of 25 feet (7.6 m) and maximum spacing of 40 feet (12.2 m) along the entire length of the carrier, to prevent wind damage to the system. Be sure that all locks on an extension ladder are properly engaged. Often, these injuries are so severe they require time away from work. Injuries and fatalities associated with working on and around portable and fixed ladders are a major workplace safety problem. OSHA Subpart X-Stairways and Ladders specifies the rules for ladders. Non-self-supporting ladders shall be used at an angle such that the horizontal distance from the top support to the foot of the ladder is approximately one-quarter of the working length of the ladder (the distance along the ladder between the foot and the top support). The Basics of Ladder Safety. Avoid over reaching with this quick ladder safety tip. Never use a ladder for any purpose other than the one for which it was designed. Ladders placed in any location where they can be displaced by workplace activities or traffic, such as in passageways, doorways, or driveways, shall be secured to prevent accidental displacement, or a barricade shall be used to keep the activities or traffic away from the ladder. The OSHA standard for ladders (29 CFR 1926.1053) describes the safety requirements for working with and maintaining different kinds of fixed and portable ladders. Federal OSHA Construction Ladder Safety. Avoid electrical hazards! Feedback. Stay safe by learning the five steps to ladder safety. Workers often use ladders to gain access to multiple levels and areas that are hard to reach. Never use a damaged ladder… Ladder Safety Training Video. Ladders shall not be tied or fastened together to provide longer sections unless they are specifically designed for such use. The mounting of ladder safety devices for fixed ladders shall conform to the following: Mountings for rigid carriers shall be attached at each end of the carrier, with intermediate mountings, as necessary, spaced along the entire length of the carrier, to provide the strength necessary to stop employees' falls. Rungs, cleats, and steps of the base section of extension trestle ladders shall not be less than 8 inches (20 cm) nor more than 18 inches (46 cm) apart, as measured between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps. When portable ladders are used for access to an upper landing surface, the ladder side rails shall extend at least 3 feet (.9 m) above the upper landing surface to which the ladder is used to gain access; or, when such an extension is not possible because of the ladder's length, then the ladder shall be secured at its top to a rigid support that will not deflect, and a grasping device, such as a grabrail, shall be provided to assist employees in mounting and dismounting the ladder. Because of the complexity and exceptions to some rules, it’s important you make thi… OSHA requires that all of the manufacturer's requirements be followed when using a ladder, and these ladders must also be properly inspected before use. They are the step ladder, the straight ladder, the combination ladder, and the extension ladder (OSHA, n.d.b). Rungs, cleats, and steps of portable ladders (except as provided below) and fixed ladders (including individual-rung/step ladders) shall be spaced not less than 10 inches (25 cm) apart, nor more than 14 inches (36 cm) apart, as measured between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps. When splicing is required to obtain a given length of side rail, the resulting side rail must be at least equivalent in strength to a one-piece side rail made of the same material. Play as. The ability of a ladder to sustain the loads indicated in this paragraph shall be determined by applying or transmitting the requisite load to the ladder in a downward vertical direction when the ladder is placed at an angle of 75 1/2 degrees from the horizontal. OSHA’s regulations on ladder safety include a variety of restrictions on ladder height, angle, and spacing. The ability of a ladder to sustain the loads indicated in this paragraph shall be determined by applying or transmitting the requisite load to the ladder in a downward vertical direction. Cross-bracing on the rear section of stepladders shall not be used for climbing unless the ladders are designed and provided with steps for climbing on both front and rear sections. During the Quiz End of Quiz. Ladders must not be loaded beyond the maximum intended load for which they were built nor beyond their manufacturer’s rated capacity. This aspect of ladder safety can be highly technical and not easily memorized, especially as updates are made. The side rails of through or side-step fixed ladders shall extend 42 inches (1.1 m) above the top of the access level or landing platform served by the ladder. A portable ladder can be moved easily. Ladders shall be used only on stable and level surfaces unless secured to prevent accidental displacement. Ladders must be free of any slippery material on the rungs, steps or feet. A device, other than a cage or well, designed to eliminate or reduce the possibility of falls from ladders. Ladder Safety Ladders are the "go-to" tool for any job that involves working from height—whether you're changing a light bulb, retrieving items from a high shelf, or painting a building. •Maintain 3-points of contact with the ladder. Info. Ladder safety begins with the selection of the proper ladder for the job and includes inspection, setup, proper climbing and standing, proper use, care, and storage. The following OSHA ladder inspection requirements are specified in their safety standards. 11, 2014], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. The safe construction and use of ladders are vital to protect workers from fall hazards. The bottom of the cage shall be flared not less than 4 inches (10 cm) all around within the distance between the bottom horizontal band and the next higher band; The top of the cage shall be a minimum of 42 inches (1.1 m) above the top of the platform, or the point of access at the top of the ladder, with provision for access to the platform or other point of access. The requirement to withdraw a defective ladder from service is satisfied if the ladder is either: Marked in a manner that readily identifies it as defective; Or blocked (such as with a plywood attachment that spans several rungs). When portable ladders are used for access to an upper landing surface, the ladder side rails shall extend at least 3 feet (.9 m) above the upper landing surface to which the ladder is used to gain access; or, when such an extension is not possible because of the ladder's length, then the ladder shall be secured at its top to a rigid support that will not deflect, and a grasping device, such as a grabrail, shall be provided to assist employees in mounting and dismounting the ladder. Always check a ladder before using it. The design and installation of mountings and cable guides shall not reduce the design strength of the ladder. Slip-resistant feet shall not be used as a substitute for care in placing, lashing, or holding a ladder that is used upon slippery surfaces including, but not limited to, flat metal or concrete surfaces that are constructed so they cannot be prevented from becoming slippery. OSHA Quiz: Ladder Safety . If your workers use any type of ladder for their work, the OSHA rules must be followed. Through fixed ladders at their point of access/egress shall have a step-across distance of not less than 7 inches (18 cm) nor more than 12 inches (30 cm) as measured from the centerline of the steps or rungs to the nearest edge of the landing area. Avoid using a metal ladder near power lines or exposed energized electrical equipment. In no case shall the extension be such that ladder deflection under a load would, by itself, cause the ladder to slip off its support. If the normal step-across distance exceeds 12 inches (30 cm), a landing platform shall be provided to reduce the distance to the specified limit. Ladder Safety System. or OSHA Training Course. From 2017-2019, Ladders were #6 on OSHA’s Top 10 Most Cited Violations List . Barrels or other unstable bases to obtain additional height single support attachment ) in length if the ladder 200! 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