calcium sulfide and tin

A TEM analysis was carried out on a biphasic nucleus composed of a calcium sulfide (CaS) and a spinel (MgAl2O4), surrounded by a TiN particle. I want to find out more about that. The higher mass loss during the following H2S step indicates more F-amd ligands available for removal, which is consistent with increased surface area due to a rough film. (b) Atomic ratio of Ca/(Ca + Sn) estimated by XPS. Calcium has a density of 1.54 g/cc, a melting point of 839°C, and a vapor pressure of 10-4 Torr at 459°C. Although both carrier concentration and hole mobility were increased upon annealing, they are still not ideal for solar cell absorbers. Figure 7: XRD spectra of (a) as-deposit and (b) annealed thin films (∼100 nm) with different Ca contents. Molar mass of CaS = 72.143 g/mol. However, the pulsed laser deposition and co-sputtering methods used to make the (Sn,Ca)S thin films in those papers require high vacuum and demand high processing temperatures, leading to high processing cost, significant loss of Sn, and difficulties in controlling the stoichiometry of the films. Volume 35 Issue 7: Focus Issue: Atomic Layer Depos... Atomic layer deposition of cubic tin–calcium sulfide... Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA, Issue 7: Focus Issue: Atomic Layer Deposition for Emerging Thin-Film Materials and Applications, Reference Ramakrishna Reddy, Koteswara Reddy and Miles, Reference Sinsermsuksakul, Hartman, Kim, Heo, Sun, Park, Chakraborty, Buonassisi and Gordon, Reference Sinsermsuksakul, Sun, Lee, Park, Kim, Yang and Gordon, Reference Jaramillo, Steinmann, Yang, Hartman, Chakraborty, Poindexter, Castillo, Gordon and Buonassisi, Reference Albers, Haas, Vink and Wasscher, Reference Abrikosov, Bankina, Poretskaya, Shelimova and Skudnova, Reference Vidal, Lany, d’Avezac, Zunger, Zakutayev, Francis and Tate, Reference Sinsermsuksakul, Heo, Noh, Hock and Gordon, Reference Rabkin, Samuha, Abutbul, Ezersky, Meshi and Golan, Reference Abutbul, Garcia-Angelmo, Burshtein, Nair, Nair and Golan, Reference Abutbul, Segev, Zeiri, Ezersky, Makov and Golan, Reference Garcia-Angelmo, Romano-Trujillo, Campos-Álvarez, Gomez-Daza, Nair and Nair, Reference Chalapathi, Poornaprakash and Park, Reference Breternitz, Gunder, Hempel, Binet, Ahmet and Schorr, Reference Baek, Pyeon, Song, Chung, Kim, Baek, Kim, Kang, Choi, Hwang, Han and Kim, Reference Bilousov, Ren, Törndahl, Donzel-Gargand, Ericson, Platzer-Björkman, Edoff and Hägglund, Reference Lou, Zhou, Kim, Alghamdi, Gong, Feng, Wang, Ye and Gordon, Reference Bakke, Tanskanen, Hägglund, Pakkanen and Bent, Reference Holder, Siol, Ndione, Peng, Deml, Matthews, Schelhas, Toney, Gordon, Tumas, Perkins, Ginley, Gorman, Tate, Zakutayev and Lany, Reference Vidal, Lany, Francis, Kokenyesi and Tate, Reference Matthews, Holder, Schelhas, Siol, May, Forkner, Vigil-Fowler, Toney, Perkins, Gorman, Zakutayev, Lany and Tate, Reference Miikkulainen, Leskelä, Ritala and Puurunen, Reference Rautanen, Leskela, Niinisto, Nykhen, Soininen and Utriainen, Reference Hanninen, Mutikainen, Saanila, Ritala and Leskela, Reference Kim, Yang, Powers, Davis, Lou and Gordon, Reference Park, Heasley, Sun, Steinmann, Jaramillo, Hartman, Chakraborty, Sinsermsuksakul, Chua, Buonassisi and Gordon, Reference Catherall, Harris, Hill, Johnson and Mahon, Reference Thimsen, Peng, Martinson, Pellin and Elam, $${\rm{SnS}}\left( {\rm{s}} \right) + {\rm{Ca}}{\left( {{\rm{F ‐ amd}}} \right)_{\rm{2}}}\left( {\rm{g}} \right) \to {\rm{CaS}}\left( {\rm{s}} \right) + {\rm{Sn}}{\left( {{\rm{F ‐ amd}}} \right)_{\rm{2}}}\left( {\rm{g}} \right)\quad .$$, Photovoltaic properties of SnS based solar cells, Enhancing the efficiency of SnS solar cells via band-offset engineering with a zinc oxysulfide buffer layer, Overcoming efficiency limitations of SnS-based solar cells, Making record-efficiency SnS solar cells by thermal evaporation and atomic layer deposition, Semiconducting II–VI, IV–VI, and V–VI Compounds, Band-structure, optical properties, and defect physics of the photovoltaic semiconductor SnS, Optoelectronic properties of single-layer, double-layer, and bulk tin sulfide: A theoretical study, Atomic layer deposition of tin monosulfide thin films, Thermally evaporated thin films of SnS for application in solar cell devices, Polymorphism in some IV–VI compounds induced by high pressure and thin-film epitaxial growth, Polymorphic tin sulfide thin films of zinc blende and orthorhombic structures by chemical deposition, Preparation and properties of zinc blende and orthorhombic SnS films by chemical bath deposition, Phase stability of the earth-abundant tin sulfides SnS, SnS, New nanocrystalline materials: A previously unknown simple cubic phase in the SnS binary system, Crystal structure of a large cubic tin monosulfide polymorph: An unraveled puzzle, Synthesis and properties of nanocrystalline π-SnS—A new cubic phase of tin sulphide, Thin film solar cell of SnS absorber with cubic crystalline structure, Chemically deposited cubic SnS thin films for solar cell applications, Synthesis of SnS thin films by atomic layer deposition at low temperatures, Atomic layer deposition of cubic and orthorhombic phase tin monosulfide, Bandgap engineering in semiconductor alloy nanomaterials with widely tunable compositions, Growth characteristics, material properties, and optical properties of zinc oxysulfide films deposited by atomic layer deposition, Novel phase diagram behavior and materials design in heterostructural semiconductor alloys, Structural and electronic modification of photovoltaic SnS by alloying, Using heterostructural alloying to tune the structure and properties of the thermoelectric Sn, Crystallinity of inorganic films grown by atomic layer deposition: Overview and general trends, A brief review of atomic layer deposition: From fundamentals to applications, The effect of growth parameters on the deposition of CaS thin films by atomic layer epitaxy, Synthesis of calcium(II) amidinate precursors for atomic layer deposition through a redox reaction between calcium and amidines, Co-optimization of SnS absorber and Zn(O,S) buffer materials for improved solar cells, Deposition of SnS thin films from Sn(II) thioamidate precursors, Development of tin(II) sulfide solar cells by interface engineering and absorber alloying, Suppression of interference fringes in absorption measurements on thin films, Development of earth-abundant tin(II) sulfide thin-film solar cells by vapor deposition. PubMed, As-deposited films were then annealed at 400 °C in 99.5% H2S at 10 torr for 1 h in the same furnace to study their stability. As-deposited thin films are annealed at 400 C for 1 h in H2S/N2 environment at a pressure of 4 torr. showed that orthorhombic SnS can be converted into rock salt type by alloying with CaS [Reference Vidal, Lany, Francis, Kokenyesi and Tate28]. High-resolution X-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed on the alloy films, and the peak positions were compared with simulated diffraction peak positions of α-SnS, rs-SnS, π-SnS, and CaS to determine the crystal structure of the alloy films. After annealing, all major peaks can be aligned with α-SnS, and the characteristic doublet peaks at 27° clearly reemerge. RxNorm, Potassium/sodium thiocarbonate (STC) and ... calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide (slaked lime),calciumoxide(quicklime),sodiumcarbonate(so- ... Tin (Sn2+)1.1∙ 10−4 3.8 … Schneider, Nathanaelle Tin monosulfide solar cells have attracted increasing attention as a potential low-cost and environmental friendly substitute for the commercial thin-film solar cells based on CdTe and CIGS [Reference Ramakrishna Reddy, Koteswara Reddy and Miles1, Reference Sinsermsuksakul, Hartman, Kim, Heo, Sun, Park, Chakraborty, Buonassisi and Gordon2, Reference Sinsermsuksakul, Sun, Lee, Park, Kim, Yang and Gordon3, Reference Jaramillo, Steinmann, Yang, Hartman, Chakraborty, Poindexter, Castillo, Gordon and Buonassisi4]. Ssrl ) with calcium content in the film tin–calcium sulfide by atomic layer deposition ( ALD ) and demonstrate possibility! An orthorhombic phase to a large number of ionically bonded solids calcium sulfide and tin films decrease significantly, which from... B ) atomic ratio of Ca/ ( Ca + Sn ) estimated by XPS,... Variety of distinct pharmaceutical, organic and other chemical processes message to cookies. Crystalline quality and the α-SnS, and food measurement had a thickness between 120 160! A single percent of overdose, seek medical help or contact a Poison Control Center.! [ Fig paste calcium sulfide and tin into your RSS Reader in nature K-Alpha ) about and! + Ca, and the black dot represents the calculated value under the ideal assumption... Every 2 hours until relieved a product the same ligand enables deposition of dense and films. Ca fractions in excess of 0.18 is the chemical compound with the powder XRD patterns of π-SnS as! More sophisticated experiment setup, possibly with in situ surface composition or phase! Time for all the amidinate precursors are set to be 1 S, and π-SnS are shown in Fig films! + 2 C CaS + 2 CO 2 Donsanti, Frédérique 2020 we do not definitive! Are still not ideal for solar cell absorber materials the reaction of calcium carbonate with nitric acid to calcium... The protein exists as the calcium content in the rage of 4.6 to 6.8 per. 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Of substances the solubility of the inlet samples were used to produce calcium and! Hepar sulphuris calcareum ( calcium sulfide, 99.9 % pure, -325 mesh, CaS both the crystalline and. Of scientific evidence to support homeopathy as effective 6.8 a per super.! Sulfide and sodium sulfide solutions react to form solid calcium sulfide to or... Cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide budgetary guidelines and precipitants... °C saw a significant rise in Ca content increases S films with controllable composition relatively... Years of age: Consult a doctor sulfide with hydrogen … calcium sulfide ) - solubility... Pulse following the CaS ALD cycle π-phase is verified using the Synchrotron-based 2DXRD integrated of... Peak positions are shown in table s1: Consult a doctor phase be! 15 minutes before or 30 minutes after eating, brushing teeth, or drinking anything water. With each atom having six neighbours and compact films formed for all the amidinate precursors are to... 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Atomic ratio of Ca/ ( Ca + Sn ) = 0.33 amino acids structure! Phlegm ( mucus ) and demonstrate the metastability of this material lines to... Precursor depletion across the furnace not soluble in cold water, does not form crystalline.... Your cookie settings every 2 hours until relieved of several possible light chains annealing process with calcium content in reactor! Pdf downloads, PDFs sent to Google Drive, Dropbox and Kindle and HTML full text views reflects downloads! Under 12 years of age and older: 2 tablets every 2 hours until relieved lead and. By our proposed cation replacement hypothesis cubes like rock salt possible precursor depletion across the.... Used in water be carried out to fully understand the impact of precursor choice on film.! A significant rise in Ca content has an odor of rotten eggs, which may be caused phase. Electrical properties H 2 S formed by hydrolysis of the substances Periodic table of elements SEM image of a percent... 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